GMAT Data Insights Practice Questions with Answers & Explanations
These practice questions are designed to help you develop the critical reasoning and analytical skills assessed in the GMAT Data Insights section. They are carefully crafted to reflect the style, structure, and level of reasoning assessed tested on the exam. They provide targeted practice to strengthen your performance. These questions are written for practice and learning purposes only and are not taken from any official GMAT source.
It covers all five Data Insights question types – Data Sufficiency, Multi-Source Reasoning, Table Analysis, Graphics Interpretation, and Two-Part Analysis – giving you balanced practice across the full range of concepts and formats you can expect to encounter on test day.
For the best results, attempt each question before reviewing the answer and explanation. Detailed solutions and practical tips are included to help you understand the underlying logic, strengthen your problem-solving approach, and improve both accuracy and speed.
Coverage Map
| Question Type | Questions | Primary skills covered |
|---|---|---|
| Data Sufficiency | 1-8 | Sufficiency logic, percents, weighted averages, number properties, inequalities, rates, probability |
| Table Analysis | 9-16 | Percent change, ratios, conversions, weighted average, median, conditions, inclusion-exclusion |
| Graphics Interpretation | 17-24 | Chart reading, index values, slopes, histograms, percent comparisons, growth |
| Two-Part Analysis | 25-32 | Linear equations, mixtures, rates, percent chains, sets, exponents, coordinate algebra, combinations |
| Multi-Source Reasoning | 33-40 | Combining tabs/sources, pricing rules, weighted averages, algebraic thresholds |
Practice Questions with Detailed Solutions
Question 1 - Profit Margin from Revenue and Cost
A company sells one product. Is its profit margin greater than 20%? Profit margin = profit/revenue.
(1) Revenue is 25% greater than cost.
(2) Profit is Rs. 40 per unit and revenue is Rs. 180 per unit.
Determine whether the data are sufficient to answer the question.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Statement (1): If revenue is 25% greater than cost, then revenue = 1.25C and profit = 0.25C. Profit margin = 0.25C/1.25C = 20%. This answers the question: no, it is not greater than 20%. Sufficient.
Statement (2): Profit margin = 40/180 = 2/9, which is about 22.2%. This answers the question: yes, it is greater than 20%. Sufficient.
Because each statement independently gives a definite yes/no answer, the correct choice is D.
Question 2 - Weighted Average Salary
The average salary of all employees in a department is Rs. 72,000. Is the average salary of managers greater than Rs. 90,000?
(1) Managers make up 20% of the department, and non-managers average Rs. 67,000.
(2) There are 8 managers and 32 non-managers.
Determine whether the data are sufficient to answer the question.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Statement (1): Let manager average be M. Overall average = 0.20M + 0.80(67,000) = 72,000. So 0.20M = 18,400 and M = 92,000. The answer is yes. Sufficient.
Statement (2): Knowing the counts only tells us managers are 20% of the group, but gives no non-manager average. Manager average could be below or above Rs. 90,000. Not sufficient.
Therefore, statement (1) alone is sufficient.
Question 3 - Integer Remainder
If n is a positive integer, what is the remainder when n is divided by 6?
(1) n leaves a remainder of 1 when divided by 3.
(2) n is odd.
Determine whether the data are sufficient to answer the question.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Statement (1): n could be 1, 4, 7, 10, ... The remainder when divided by 6 could be 1 or 4. Not sufficient.
Statement (2): If n is odd, the remainder when divided by 6 could be 1, 3, or 5. Not sufficient.
Together: n is 1 more than a multiple of 3 and is odd. Values with remainder 1 mod 3 are 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, ... The odd ones are 1, 7, 13, ... each leaves remainder 1 when divided by 6. Sufficient. Correct choice: C.
Question 4 - Linear Equation from Price Change
A store increases the price of an item by x% and then discounts the new price by 10%. Is the final price greater than the original price?
(1) x > 10
(2) x < 12
Determine whether the data are sufficient to answer the question.
Answer: E
Explanation:
Let original price be 100. After increase and discount, final price = 100(1 + x/100)(0.90). We need this greater than 100, so 0.90(1 + x/100) > 1. This gives 1 + x/100 > 10/9, so x > 11.111... .
Statement (1): x > 10 is not enough; x = 11 gives a final price below original, while x = 12 gives a final price above original. Not sufficient.
Statement (2): x < 12 is not enough; x = 11 gives no, while x = 11.5 gives yes. Not sufficient.
Together: 10 < x < 12 still includes values below and above 11.111..., so the combined information is not sufficient. Correct answer is E.
Question 5 - Median of a Set
Set S contains five distinct positive integers. Is the median of S greater than 12?
(1) The range of S is 18 and the largest element is 28.
(2) Exactly two elements of S are less than 12.
Determine whether the data are sufficient to answer the question.
Answer: E
Explanation:
Statement (1): Largest = 28 and range = 18, so smallest = 10. The middle value could be 11, 12, 13, or more depending on the other elements. Not sufficient.
Statement (2): In a five-number set, the median is the third value when ordered. If exactly two elements are less than 12 and the integers are distinct, the third value could be 12 or greater than 12. Because both cases are possible, statement (2) is not sufficient.
Together: smallest info still allows {10,11,12,20,28} median 12 and {10,11,13,20,28} median 13. Not sufficient. Correct answer: E.
Question 6 - Work Rate
Machines A and B are used for identical jobs. Is machine A faster than machine B?
(1) A alone completes the job in 10 hours.
(2) B alone completes the job in 15 hours.
Determine whether the data are sufficient to answer the question.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Statement (1): A alone takes 10 hours, but without B’s time, B could be faster or slower. Not sufficient.
Statement (2): B alone takes 15 hours, but without A’s time, A could be faster or slower. Not sufficient.
Together: A takes 10 hours and B takes 15 hours for the same job. A uses less time, so A has the larger work rate. The answer is yes. Correct choice: C.
Question 7 - Probability of Selection
A box contains red, blue, and green tokens. If one token is selected at random, is the probability of selecting a red token greater than 1/3?
(1) There are 12 red tokens.
(2) There are 30 tokens in the box.
Determine whether the data are sufficient to answer the question.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Statement (1): Red tokens = 12, but total tokens is unknown. Probability could be greater than, equal to, or less than 1/3. Not sufficient.
Statement (2): Total tokens = 30, but the number of red tokens is unknown. Not sufficient.
Together: Probability(red) = 12/30 = 0.4, which is greater than 1/3. Sufficient. Correct choice: C.
Question 8 - Inequality with Variables
Is xy > 0?
(1) x + y > 0
(2) x and y have the same sign.
Determine whether the data are sufficient to answer the question.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Statement (1): x + y > 0 does not determine the sign of xy. For example, x = 2, y = 1 gives xy > 0, but x = 3, y = -1 gives xy < 0. Not sufficient.
Statement (2): If x and y have the same sign, then both positive or both negative. In either case, xy > 0. Sufficient.
Therefore, statement (2) alone is sufficient.
Table Analysis Questions
Question 9 - Monthly Sales Table
The table shows sales by product for one quarter.
| Product | Jan | Feb | Mar |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alpha | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| Beta | 150 | 140 | 165 |
| Gamma | 80 | 95 | 100 |
| Delta | 90 | 90 | 105 |
| Epsilon | 200 | 210 | 220 |
Which product had the greatest percent increase from January to March?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Percent increase = (March - January)/January.
Alpha: (120-100)/100 = 20%. Beta: (165-150)/150 = 10%. Gamma: (100-80)/80 = 25%. Delta: (105-90)/90 = 16.7%. Epsilon: (220-200)/200 = 10%.
The largest increase is Gamma’s 25%.
Question 10 - Employee Productivity
A manager compares output and labor hours across teams.
| Team | Units | Labor Hours |
|---|---|---|
| A | 840 | 120 |
| B | 960 | 120 |
| C | 770 | 110 |
| D | 900 | 150 |
| E | 720 | 90 |
Which team produced the highest number of units per labor hour?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Compute units per labor hour for each team.
A: 840/120 = 7.0. B: 960/120 = 8.0. C: 770/110 = 7.0. D: 900/150 = 6.0. E: 720/90 = 8.0.
The highest rate is 8 units per hour, achieved by both B and E.
Question 11 - Exchange Rate Comparison
A traveler converts currencies at the rates below. Fees are charged after conversion.
| Broker | USD to EUR | Fee |
|---|---|---|
| X | 0.9 | 2% |
| Y | 0.88 | 0% |
| Z | 0.91 | 3% |
If the traveler converts $800 to euros through Broker Y, how many euros will the traveler receive after the fee?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Broker Y rate: 1 dollar = 0.88 euro. Before fee: 800 x 0.88 = 704 euros.
The fee is listed as 0%, so the traveler receives 704 euros.
The correct answer is 704.
Question 12 - Inventory Turnover
Inventory turnover = annual cost of goods sold / average inventory.
| Division | COGS | Average Inventory |
|---|---|---|
| North | 480 | 80 |
| South | 540 | 90 |
| East | 600 | 100 |
| West | 420 | 105 |
| Central | 720 | 120 |
Which division has the lowest inventory turnover?
Answer: D
Explanation:
North: 480/80 = 6. South: 540/90 = 6. East: 600/100 = 6. West: 420/105 = 4. Central: 720/120 = 6.
West has the lowest turnover.
A lower turnover means inventory is moving more slowly relative to sales.
Question 13 - Scholarship Allocation
The table shows the number of students and the average scholarship award in each program.
| Program | Students | Average Award |
|---|---|---|
| Analytics | 20 | 8000 |
| Finance | 30 | 10000 |
| Marketing | 50 | 9000 |
What is the average scholarship award across all listed students?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Total award = 20(8,000) + 30(10,000) + 50(9,000) = 160,000 + 300,000 + 450,000 = 910,000.
Total students = 100. Weighted average = 910,000/100 = Rs. 9,100.
Do not average 8,000, 10,000, and 9,000 directly unless group sizes are equal.
Question 14 - Shipping Times
The table lists five delivery times, in days, for each vendor.
| Vendor | Delivery Times |
|---|---|
| A | 2, 7, 4, 3, 6 |
| B | 5, 5, 9, 3, 3 |
| C | 8, 4, 1, 4, 8 |
Which vendor has a median delivery time of 4 days?
Answer: D
Explanation:
For five values, the median is the third value after sorting.
Vendor A: 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 -> median 4. Vendor B: 3, 3, 5, 5, 9 -> median 5. Vendor C: 1, 4, 4, 8, 8 -> median 4.
Thus A and C have median delivery time 4 days.
Question 15 - Cost Structure
The table shows quarterly cost categories for a startup.
| Category | Q1 | Q2 |
|---|---|---|
| Payroll | 80 | 90 |
| Rent | 30 | 30 |
| Marketing | 30 | 40 |
| Software | 10 | 20 |
In Q2, what percent of total cost was payroll?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Q2 costs: payroll 90, rent 30, marketing 40, software 20. Total = 90 + 30 + 40 + 20 = 180.
Payroll share = 90/180 = 1/2 = 50%.
Question 16 - Sortable Table Logic
An admissions team tracks applicants by major and test score.
| Major | Score Range | Applicants |
|---|---|---|
| Engineering | 650-699 | 12 |
| Engineering | 700-749 | 18 |
| Business | 650-719 | 22 |
| Business | 720-760 | 16 |
| Arts | 700-760 | 10 |
How many applicants are Engineering majors with a score at least 700 or Business majors with a score at least 720?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Engineering with score at least 700: 18 applicants. Business with score at least 720: 16 applicants.
The two groups are different majors, so there is no overlap to subtract. Total = 18 + 16 = 34.
Graphics Interpretation Questions
Question 17 - Line Chart Revenue
A line chart shows quarterly revenue: Q1 = 200, Q2 = 260, Q3 = 240, Q4 = 300 thousand dollars.
From Q1 to Q4, revenue increased by approximately what percent?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Increase = 300 - 200 = 100. Percent increase = 100/200 = 50%.
The intermediate quarters do not matter because the question compares Q1 directly with Q4.
Question 18 - Bar Chart Market Share
A bar chart shows market share: Brand A 35%, B 25%, C 20%, D 15%, E 5%.
Brand A’s market share is how many times Brand E’s market share?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Compute the ratio A/E = 35%/5% = 7.
The percent signs cancel because both quantities are shares of the same whole.
Question 19 - Pie Chart Budget
A pie chart shows a Rs. 500,000 budget: Operations 40%, Sales 25%, Research 20%, Admin 15%.
How much more is allocated to Operations than to Research?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Operations minus Research = 40% - 20% = 20% of the total budget.
20% of Rs. 500,000 = Rs. 100,000.
Question 20 - Stacked Bar Costs
A stacked bar chart shows costs for Project X: materials Rs. 60k, labor Rs. 90k, overhead Rs. 30k. Project Y: materials Rs. 80k, labor Rs. 80k, overhead Rs. 40k.
For which project is labor the larger share of total cost, and what is that share?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Project X total = 60 + 90 + 30 = 180; labor share = 90/180 = 50%.
Project Y total = 80 + 80 + 40 = 200; labor share = 80/200 = 40%.
Labor is the larger share in Project X, at 50%.
Question 21 - Scatterplot Correlation
A scatterplot of advertising spend and monthly sales shows points rising from lower-left to upper-right. The best-fit line passes through approximately (10, 80) and (30, 140), where spend is in thousands and sales are in thousands.
According to the line, what is the predicted sales increase for each additional Rs. 1,000 in advertising spend?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Slope = change in sales/change in spend = (140 - 80)/(30 - 10) = 60/20 = 3.
Because both axes are in thousands, an additional Rs. 1,000 in advertising spend predicts Rs. 3,000 more in sales.
Question 22 - Histogram Defects
A histogram gives defect counts per batch: 0 defects in 6 batches, 1 defect in 10 batches, 2 defects in 8 batches, 3 defects in 4 batches, 4 defects in 2 batches.
What is the average number of defects per batch?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Total defects = 0(6) + 1(10) + 2(8) + 3(4) + 4(2) = 46.
Total batches = 30. Average = 46/30 = 1.533..., which rounds to 1.5 to the nearest tenth.
If the choices are rounded values, round only after computing the weighted average.
Question 23 - Index Chart
An index chart sets 2023 sales = 100. The index values are 2024 = 115 and 2025 = 138.
From 2024 to 2025, sales increased by approximately what percent?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Percent increase from 2024 to 2025 = (138 - 115)/115 = 23/115 = 20%.
Do not compare 138 to the base 100 because the question asks from 2024 to 2025.
Question 24 - Area Chart Users
An area chart shows active users: Region A rises from 40k to 70k, Region B rises from 50k to 65k over the same period.
The increase in Region A users exceeds the increase in Region B users by how many users?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Region A increase = 70k - 40k = 30k. Region B increase = 65k - 50k = 15k.
Difference in increases = 30k - 15k = 15k users.
Two-Part Analysis Questions
Question 25 - Break-Even Quantity
A product has fixed cost Rs. 12,000, variable cost Rs. 80 per unit, and selling price Rs. 140 per unit.
Select the break-even quantity and profit at 300 units.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Contribution per unit = 140 - 80 = 60. Break-even quantity = fixed cost/contribution = 12,000/60 = 200.
At 300 units, profit = 300(60) - 12,000 = 18,000 - 12,000 = Rs. 6,000.
Question 26 - Mixture Concentration
A chemist mixes Solution A, which is 20% acid, with Solution B, which is 50% acid, to make 30 liters of a 30% acid solution.
How many liters of A and B are needed?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Let B = x, so A = 30 - x. Acid amount: 0.20(30 - x) + 0.50x = 0.30(30).
6 - 0.20x + 0.50x = 9, so 0.30x = 3 and x = 10. Therefore B = 10 and A = 20.
Question 27 - Distance and Speed
A train travels 180 km at speed r and returns 180 km at speed r + 15. The return trip takes 1 hour less than the outbound trip.
Which pair gives r and total travel time?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Outbound time = 180/r. Return time = 180/(r + 15). Difference = 1.
Test r = 45: outbound = 4 hours, return = 180/60 = 3 hours, difference = 1. Total = 7 hours.
The pair r = 45 and total = 7 hours satisfies both conditions.
Question 28 - Discount and Markup
An item is marked up 25% over cost and then sold at a 20% discount from marked price.
What is the final selling price as a percent of cost, and what is the profit percent?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Let cost = 100. Marked price = 125. Discounted selling price = 80% of 125 = 100.
Selling price equals cost, so profit is 0%.
Question 29 - Probability Two Events
Question type: Two-Part Analysis | Main skill: Probability | Level: Hard
A survey shows 60% of customers use mobile banking, 45% use online banking, and 25% use both.
What percent use at least one of the two services, and what percent use exactly one?
Answer: A
Explanation:
At least one = mobile + online - both = 60 + 45 - 25 = 80%.
Exactly one = mobile only + online only = (60 - 25) + (45 - 25) = 35 + 20 = 55%.
Question 30 - Integer Exponents
For positive integer k, 2k is divisible by 64 but not by 128.
What is k, and what is the units digit of 3^k?
Answer: C
Explanation:
64 = 26 and 128 = 27. If 2k is divisible by 64 but not by 128, then k = 6.
Powers of 3 have units digit cycle 3, 9, 7, 1. Since 6 leaves remainder 2 when divided by 4, 3^6 has units digit 9.
Question 31 - Coordinate Slope
Line L passes through (2, 5) and (8, 17).
What is the slope of L and the y-intercept?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Slope = (17 - 5)/(8 - 2) = 12/6 = 2.
Use y = mx + b. With point (2,5): 5 = 2(2) + b, so b = 1.
Question 32 - Combinations and Probability
From 5 analysts and 4 managers, a committee of 3 is chosen at random.
How many committees contain exactly 2 analysts, and what is the probability of exactly 2 analysts?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Choose exactly 2 analysts from 5: C(5,2) = 10. Choose exactly 1 manager from 4: C(4,1) = 4. Favorable committees = 10 x 4 = 40.
Total committees = C(9,3) = 84. Probability = 40/84 = 10/21.
Multi-Source Reasoning Questions
Question 33 - MSR Delivery Charge
Source 1: A delivery firm charges a base fee of Rs. 200 plus Rs. 15 per kilometer. Source 2: For corporate customers, the firm gives a 10% discount on the total pre-tax charge. Source 3: Tax is 8% after any discount.
What is the final charge for a corporate delivery of 20 km?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Pre-tax charge before discount = 200 + 15(20) = 500.
Corporate discount = 10%, so discounted amount = 0.90(500) = 450.
Tax after discount = 8%, so final charge = 450(1.08) = Rs. 486.
Question 34 - MSR Delivery Distance
Source 1: A delivery firm charges a base fee of Rs. 200 plus Rs. 15 per kilometer. Source 2: For corporate customers, the firm gives a 10% discount on the total pre-tax charge. Source 3: Tax is 8% after any discount.
For a non-corporate delivery, the final charge including tax is Rs. 702. What is the distance?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Non-corporate means no discount. Final charge = 1.08(200 + 15d) = 702.
Divide by 1.08: 200 + 15d = 650. Then 15d = 450, so d = 30 km.
Question 35 - MSR Pricing Comparison
Source 1: A delivery firm charges a base fee of Rs. 200 plus Rs. 15 per kilometer. Source 2: For corporate customers, the firm gives a 10% discount on the total pre-tax charge. Source 3: Tax is 8% after any discount.
For which delivery distance d is the corporate final charge at least Rs. 100 less than the non-corporate final charge?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Non-corporate final = 1.08(200 + 15d). Corporate final = 1.08(0.90)(200 + 15d).
Difference = 1.08(0.10)(200 + 15d) = 0.108(200 + 15d).
Require 0.108(200 + 15d) >= 100. Then 200 + 15d >= 925.93, so d >= 48.4. Among the answer choices, the smallest distance threshold that guarantees the condition is d >= 50.
Question 36 - MSR April Revenue
Source 1: A retailer tracks online and store sales. Online orders have an average value of Rs. 4,000; store orders have an average value of Rs. 3,000. Source 2: In April, 60% of orders were online and total orders were 500. Source 3: In May, total revenue was Rs. 1,820,000 from 520 orders.
What was total revenue in April?
Answer: D
Explanation:
April online orders = 60% of 500 = 300. Store orders = 200.
Revenue = 300(4,000) + 200(3,000) = 1,200,000 + 600,000 = Rs. 1,800,000.
Question 37 - MSR May Online Share
Source 1: A retailer tracks online and store sales. Online orders have an average value of Rs. 4,000; store orders have an average value of Rs. 3,000. Source 2: In April, 60% of orders were online and total orders were 500. Source 3: In May, total revenue was Rs. 1,820,000 from 520 orders.
Assuming the same average values in May, approximately what percent of May orders were online?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Let x be May online orders. Then store orders = 520 - x.
Revenue equation: 4,000x + 3,000(520 - x) = 1,820,000.
4,000x + 1,560,000 - 3,000x = 1,820,000, so x = 260. Online share = 260/520 = 50%.
Question 38 - MSR Revenue Change
Source 1: A retailer tracks online and store sales. Online orders have an average value of Rs. 4,000; store orders have an average value of Rs. 3,000. Source 2: In April, 60% of orders were online and total orders were 500. Source 3: In May, total revenue was Rs. 1,820,000 from 520 orders.
By what percent did total revenue increase from April to May?
Answer: A
Explanation:
April revenue from the earlier calculation is Rs. 1,800,000. May revenue is Rs. 1,820,000.
Increase = 20,000. Percent increase = 20,000/1,800,000 = 1/90 = 1.11%.
Question 39 - MSR Package Rate
Source 1: A school offers three prep packages: Basic, Plus, and Elite. Source 2: Basic costs Rs. 20,000 and includes 10 hours. Plus costs Rs. 32,000 and includes 20 hours. Elite costs Rs. 45,000 and includes 30 hours. Source 3: Extra hours cost Rs. 2,000 each for Basic, Rs. 1,500 each for Plus, and Rs. 1,200 each for Elite.
For a student who needs exactly 25 hours, which package gives the lowest total cost?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Basic: 20,000 + 15 extra hours(2,000) = 50,000.
Plus: 32,000 + 5 extra hours(1,500) = 39,500.
Elite includes 30 hours, so cost = 45,000. The lowest is Plus.
Question 40 - MSR Package Threshold
Source 1: A school offers three prep packages: Basic, Plus, and Elite. Source 2: Basic costs Rs. 20,000 and includes 10 hours. Plus costs Rs. 32,000 and includes 20 hours. Elite costs Rs. 45,000 and includes 30 hours. Source 3: Extra hours cost Rs. 2,000 each for Basic, Rs. 1,500 each for Plus, and Rs. 1,200 each for Elite.
For how many total hours h, where h is a positive integer, is Elite cheaper than Plus?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Compare Elite with Plus. For 20 < h <= 30, Plus cost = 32,000 + 1,500(h - 20), and Elite cost = 45,000 because 30 hours are included.
Elite is cheaper when 45,000 < 32,000 + 1,500(h - 20). This simplifies to 45,000 < 1,500h + 2,000, so 43,000 < 1,500h and h > 28.67.
Among the answer choices, h > 28 is the closest threshold that expresses when Elite begins to beat Plus. For integer hours, Elite is cheaper at 29 hours and above.