STUDY
AND
EXAM
.COM

Rules for changing Tense in Indirect Speech

Indirect    speech    میں  Tense   کو تبدیل کرنے کے   rules   سیکھنے سے پہلے یہ بات سمجھنا ضروری ہے کہ جملہ کے پہلے حصہ     (e.g.  He    said.   She    said.)   کو   reporting    verb    کہا جاتا ہے۔اور جملہ کے دوسرے حصہ کو جو   inverted    commas   میں بند ہوتا ہے اُسے   reported    speech    کہا جاتا ہے۔

Direct    Speech     کو   Indirect    Speech  بنانے کے لیے   reported     speech   کے  Tense   کو   تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔

        اگر جملہ کے   reporting    verb   میں    past    tense   استعمال ہوا ہے، تو   indirect    speech   میں    tense    تبدیل کیا جاتاہے۔

        اگر جملہ کے   reporting     verb   میں   present    tense   یا    future    tense  استعمال ہوا ہے، تو indirect speech  میں   tense   تبدیل نہیں کیا جاتا۔

Example.
Direct speech:
He said, “Sajid is sleeping”.
Indirect speech:
He said that Sajid was sleeping. (Tense changed)
Direct speech:
He says, “Sajid is sleeping”.
Indirect speech:
He said that Sajid is sleeping.  (Tense not changed)
Direct speech:
He will say, “Sajid is sleeping”.
Indirect speech:
He will say that Sajid is sleeping. (Tense not changed)

Direct    speech   سے    Indirect    speech    بنانے کے لئے   Tenses    کو تبدیل کرنے کے  rules    اور    examples    مندرجہ ذیل ہیں۔

        Present   Indefinite   Tense     کو  Past   Indefinite   Tense     میں تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔
        Present   Continuous   Tense     کو     Past   Continuous   Tense   میں تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔
        Present   Perfect   Tense     کو     Past   Perfect   Tense     میں تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔
         Present   Perfect   Continuous   Tense      کو     Past    Perfect   Continuous   Tense      میں تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔
        Past  Indefinite   Tense     کو  Past   Perfect   Tense     میں تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔
         Past   Continuous   Tense      کو      Past   Perfect   Continuous   Tense   میں تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔
         Past   Perfect   Tense   کا جملہ   Past   Perfect   Tense    میں ہی رہتا ہے،  Tense  تبدیل نہیں ہوتا۔
         Past   Perfect   Continuous   Tense      کا جملہ اِسی   Tense   رہتا ہے،  Tense     تبدیل نہیں ہوتا۔
         Future   Indefinite   Tense      میں   will   اور   shall    کو    would     میں تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔
         Future   Continuous   Tense      میں    will   be   اور   shall   be      کو    would   be      میں تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔
         Future   Perfect   Tense       میں    will   have     اور   shall   have     کو    would   have      میں تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔
         Future   Perfect   Continuous   Tense      میں   will   have   been      اور     shall   have   been      کو      would   have   been      میں تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔

DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH
PRESENT TENSE
Present Indefinite Tense into Past Indefinite Tense
He said, “I write a poem”.
He said that he wrote a poem.
She said, “I buy a book”.
She said that she bought a book.
They said, “We help poor people”.
They said that they helped poor people.
You said, “I live in Lahore”.
You said that you lived in Lahore.
Present Continuous Tense into Past Continuous Tense
He said, “I am going to school”.
He said that he was going to school.
She said, “I am eating a mango”.
She said that she was eating a mango.
They said, “We are singing songs”
They said that they were singing songs.
You said, “I am making tea”.
You said that you were making tea.
Present Perfect Tense into Past Perfect Tense
He said, “I have eaten the meal”.
He said that he had eaten the meal.
She said, “I have written a letter”.
She said that she had written a letter.
They said, “We have bought a car”.
They said that they had bought a car.
You said, “I have won the competition”.
You said that you had won the competition..
Present Perfect Continuous Tense into Past Perfect Continuous Tense
He said, “I have been using the same computer since 2015”.
He said that he had been using the same computer since 2015.
She said, “I have been watching TV since 8 O’clock”.
She said that she had been watching TV since 8 O’clock.
They said, “We have been playing cricket for four hours”.
They said that they had been playing cricket for four hours.
He said, “Sajid has been selling books for three years.
He said that Sajid had been selling books for three years.

 

PAST TENSE
Past Indefinite Tense into Past Perfect Tense
He said, “I wrote a letter”
He said that he had written a letter.
She said, “I washed the shirt”.
She said that she had washed the shirt.
They said, “We saw a snake in the garden”.
They said that they had seen a snake in the garen.
You said, “I ate a mango”.
You said that you had eaten a mango.
Past Continuous Tense into Past Perfect Continuous Tense
He said, “I was driving a car”.
He said that he had been driving a car.
She said, “I was sleeping”.
She said that she had been sleeping.
They said, “We were making chairs”.
They said that they had been making chairs.
You said, “It was raining”.
You said that it had been raining.
Past Perfect Tense remains the same.
He said, “I had passed the exam ”.
He said that he had passed the exam..
She said, “I had cleaned the room”
She said that she had cleaned the room.
They said, “We had decorated the wall”
They said that they had decorated the wall.
You said, “I had helped a poor boy”
You said that you had helped a poor boy.
Past Perfect Continuous Tense remains the same.
He said, “I had been living in Lahore since 2008”
He said that he had been living in Lahore since 2008.
She said, “I had been reading this book for three days”
She said that she had been reading this book for three days.
They said, “We had been running a business since 2015”
They said that they had been running a business since 2015.

 

FUTURE TENSE
Future Indefinite Tense: will / shall into would
He said, “Aslam will buy a computer”.
He said that Aslam would buy a computer.
She said, “I shall go to a zoo”.
She said that she would go to a zoo.
They said, “We shall play a game”.
They said that they would play a game.
You said, “Sajid will bring some food”.
You said that Sajid would bring some food.
Future Continuous Tense: will be / shall be into would be
He said, “I will be singing a song”.
He said that he would be singing a song..
She said, “Saima will be washing her clothes”.
She said that Saima would be washing her clothes.
They said, “We shall be driving a car”.
They said that they would be driving a car.
You said, “I shall be sleeping”.
You said that you would be sleeping.
Future Perfect Tense: will have / shall have into would have
He said, “The students will have passed the exam”.
He said that the student would have passed the exam.
She said, “The kids will have slept”.
She said that the kids would have slept.
They said, “We will have have reached our home
They said that they would have reached their home.
You said, “I shall have finished the task”.
You said that you would have finished the task.
Future Perfect Continuous Tense: will have been / shall have been into would have been
He said, “The doctor will have been treating the patient since 25th March”.
He said that the doctor would have been treating the patient since 25th March.
She said, “They will have been decorating their house since Friday”.
She said that they would have been decorating their house since Friday.
They said, “We shall have been living in a hostel for six months”.
They said that they would have been living in a hostel for six months.
You said, “I shall have been taking the medicine for ten days”.
You said that you would have been taking the medicine for ten days.

 

 

NEXT
Indirect Speech for Question Sentences
PREVIOUS
Direct & Indirect Speech - Introduction

 

 


DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH IN URDU
Indirect Speech of Question Sentences
Indirect Speech for Modals e.g. CAN, MAY, SHOULD, MUST
Indirect Speech of Imperative & Exclamatory Sentences
Change in Pronoun in Indirect Speech
Change in Time & Adverbs in Indirect Speech
Direct & Indirect Speech - Introduction
Learn Active & Passive Voice in Urdu





Home | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Cookie Policy | About Us | Contact Us

Copyright © 2023. STUDYANDEXAM. All Rights Reserved.