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Change in Pronoun in Indirect Speech - Rules

Direct    Speech     کو     Indirect    Speech  میں تبدیل کرنے کےلیے جملہ کے    pronoun      یعنی    subject     کو تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔

Example.
Direct speech: He said, “I write a letter”.
Indirect speech: He said that he wrote a letter.

اُوپر دئیے گئے جملہ میں    I     کو     He    میں تبدیل کیا گیا ہے۔ جملہ کے پہلے حصہ   (He    said)    کو   reporting    verb     کہا جاتاہے اور دوسرے حصہ   (I    write    a     letter)  جو  commas     کے اندر بند ہوتا ہے اُسے   reported    speech    کہا جاتا ہے۔   reported    speech    کے   pronoun    کو   reporting    verb    کے   pronoun  کے مطابق تبدیل کیا جاتاہے۔

Indirect speechمیں pronounمیں تبدیلی کے مندرجہ ذیل چار rulesہیں۔

        اگر   reported    speech     میں   1st    person    pronoun   یعنی   I,    We,    My,    Me,    Mine,    Us,    Our     ہو اور  reporting    verb     میں   3rd    person    pronoun   یعنی   He,    She,    It,    They,    Their,    His,    Her,     ہو تو   reported    speech     کے   pronoun     کو   reporting    verb     کے   pronoun   کے مطابق تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔

DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH
He said, “I work in a factory”.
He said that he worked in a factory.
She said, “I will go to school”.
She said that she would go to school.
They said, “we are playing football”.
They said that they were playing football.
He said, “I like my shirt”.
He said that he liked his shirt.
She said, “I respect my parents”.
She said that she respected her parents.
He said, “My chair is very beautiful”.
He said that his chair is very beautiful.
She said, “My son is ill”.
She said that her son was ill.
They said, “We love our kids”.
They said that they loved their kids.
She said, “This book helped me”.
She said that this book had helped her.

        اگر   reported    speech     میں   1st    person    pronoun     یعنی   I,    We,    Me,    Mine,    Us,    Our     ہو اور   reporting    verb    میں بھی   1st    person    pronoun     یعنی  I,    We      ہو تو   reported    speech     کا   pronoun   تبدیل نہیں ہوتا۔

DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH
I said, “I finished the work”.
I said that I had finished the work.
We said, “We saw a joker”.
We said that we had seen a joker.

        reported    speech     کے   2nd    person    pronoun     یعنی   You,    Your      کو   reporting    verb     کے   object     کے مطابق تبدیل کیا جاتا ہے۔

DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH
He said to me, “You had passed the exam”.
He said to me that I had passed the exam.
He said to her, “You had passed the exam”.
He said to her that she had passed the exam.
She said to him, “You had passed the exam”.
She said to him that he had passed the exam.
He said to them, “You passed the exam”.
He said to them that they had passed the exam.
He said to me, “Your dress is nice”.
He said to me that my dress was nice.
He said to her, “Your dress is nice”.
He said to her that her dress was nice.
She said to him, “Your dress is nice”.
She said to him that his dress was nice.
He said to them, “Your dresses are nice”.
He said to them that their dresses were nice.

        اگر  reported    speech    میں   3rd    person    pronoun     یعنی   He,    She,    It,    They,    His,    Him,    Them     ہوتو   pronoun   تبدیل نہیں ہوگا۔

DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH
He said, “She passed the exam”.
He said that she had passed the exam.
She said, “He is writing a letter”.
She said that he was writing a letter.
He said, “They played well”.
He said that they had played well.
She said, “It is raining”.
She said that it was raining.
They said, “She helped him”.
They said that she had helped him.
They said, “He gave her a book”.
They said that he had given her a book.
He said, “She made tea for them” .
He said that she had made tea for them.

  

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Change in Time & Adverb in Indirect Speech
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Indirect Speech of Question Sentences
Indirect Speech for Modals e.g. CAN, MAY, SHOULD, MUST
Indirect Speech of Imperative & Exclamatory Sentences
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Learn Active & Passive Voice in Urdu





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